Description

1. Addresses Support multiple construction years for SAM Economic Models NREL/GEOPHIRES-X#406
2. Also addresses:
   1. Add Fractures per Well parameter NREL/GEOPHIRES-X#426 via sub-PR Add 'Number of Fractures per Stimulated Well' parameter [v3.10.15] #113 (2ff0b03)
   2. Add Royalty Rate Escalation Start Year parameter #115

Multiple Construction Years

Multiple construction years are supported by providing the Construction Years parameter. GEOPHIRES simulates the pre-revenue phase to calculate the project’s Year 0 equivalent capitalized cost, which serves as the basis for depreciation and permanent debt sizing. This calculation accounts for the timing of capital deployment defined in by Construction CAPEX Schedule, capturing both inflation costs and interest during construction (IDC) accrued prior to the start of operations.

Testing & Verification

1. Unit tests added: https://github.com/softwareengineerprogrammer/GEOPHIRES/pull/112/changes#diff-8bf8035525dcb8cb1f516ab6174d25f4fb43e04364a23937d443e5e55e2afb4a
2. Unit tests updated: https://github.com/softwareengineerprogrammer/GEOPHIRES/pull/112/changes#diff-afd6405a1fe39334a3befccfb8e1c2a6de10076dcef2731c48a7f0cf11aca3ac
3. Manual testing:
   1. Deployed & Tested in web interface: https://gtp.scientificwebservices.com/geophires/?geophires-example-id=example_SAM-single-owner-PPA-5
   2. Validated in consumer applications

TODO

1. 🚧 Update SAM Economic Models documentation (21e4857, 1b7c256)
   1. Year 0 Purchase of property ($) relation to Purchase of property [construction] ($) Years -X–0:
   2. Year 0 Debt balance ($) = Year 0 Debt balance [construction] ($):
   3. 
   4. IRR/NPV backfilled calculations
   5. 

Lower priority

1. Update Fervo_Project_Cape-4 (or make new Fervo_Project_Cape-5) example with construction years based on publicly stated timelines - https://fervoenergy.com/fervo-energy-raises-462-million-series-e-to-accelerate-geothermal-development-and-meet-surging-energy-demand-with-clean-firm-power/
2. Show Royalty Rate at Year 0 for consistency with revenue line items convention
3. Clean up internal calculations/references to SAM-EM accrued financing output

Pending final confirmation

1. 🚧 LCOE/PV/LPPA: Don't need to be backfilled/adjusted - see https://github.com/softwareengineerprogrammer/GEOPHIRES/tree/lcoe-nominal-derived for demonstration of parity
   1. Present value of annual costs ($)
   2. Present value of annual energy nominal (kWh)
   3. LCOE Levelized cost of energy nominal (cents/kWh)
   4. Present value of PPA revenue ($)
   5. LPPA Levelized PPA price nominal (cents/kWh)
2. Backfill candidates:
   1. Total after-tax returns: Overlap with SAM-native cash flow row names avoided: 3924dbe
   2. Debt interest payment: <deferred...>

Done

1. Pre-revenue years debt/equity split schedule for e.g. 7-year construction with equity only for first 4 years, then debt/equity for next 3: Bond Financing Start Year: https://github.com/scientific-web-services/geophires-sws/pull/1/commits/0313a81b4cd9767dda0a20a1066a082d3c256bb9, https://github.com/scientific-web-services/geophires-sws/pull/2/commits/ef9d20c732adf03331da48a7e88d106019188bbf
2. Spread CAPEX evenly over construction years if schedule not provided: https://github.com/scientific-web-services/geophires-sws/pull/2/commits/bca12aa6333c376763f691ff5124698239f41a58
3. Backfill SAM cash flow table with phased capex and post-processed IRR/NPV/etc.: https://github.com/scientific-web-services/geophires-sws/pull/3
4. Fix web interface handling of capex schedule
5. Fix web interface max item size for longer construction periods
6. Add Interest During Construction (IDC) output (9d22f32): 12b172d
7. Revert temporary GHA config (https://github.com/softwareengineerprogrammer/GEOPHIRES/pull/112/files#diff-d8485ae5feb85d5310fbb669eca158cacafdba09b695a16d47720b69b9072e23R30): b292910, 2877e3b
8. Confirm changes to Accrued financing during construction (backwards-incompatible behavioral change): Removed parameter since it's become ambiguous to the point of being misleading/inaccurate: 00e1b5e
9. Phased CAPEX schedule parameter validation - normalize/warn if schedule doesn't add up to 100%: 5bbd23b
10. Retain Total CAPEX output (for nominal total capex)/ Add Total Installation Cost output (for equivalent overnight installation cost (OCC)): 12e22db
11. Enable pre-written multi-year construction tests (https://github.com/softwareengineerprogrammer/GEOPHIRES/pull/112/files#diff-894b10b737d88bd3c08bc3eaf69146781055586f575a582c09b5911feb891b38R610): 8ccba78
12. py38 assertLogs incompatibility (https://github.com/softwareengineerprogrammer/GEOPHIRES/pull/112/files#diff-894b10b737d88bd3c08bc3eaf69146781055586f575a582c09b5911feb891b38R898-R907): Marked FIXME for now
13. Tests for interactions with other features:
    1. Add-Ons: 000e1cb
    2. Royalties: af61f34
14. Bond Financing Start Year index off-by-one fix/disambiguation: 4e489f2
15. Correct 'nan' to 'NaN' (

    GEOPHIRES/src/geophires_x/EconomicsSam.py

    Line 155 in 1095839

    # FIXME TODO correct 'nan' to 'NaN' (either here or appropriate place in processing pipeline...)

    ): 08860c7
16. fix wonky web interface rendering of cash flow table:
17. [tangential] missing plus:? : No:
18. Add example_SAM-single-owner-PPA-5 to README examples list: 226bd86
19. Update Construction Years tooltip text to reference CAPEX schedule (https://github.com/softwareengineerprogrammer/GEOPHIRES/pull/112/files#diff-3d85ef79807fc6c25a758a698fd3a7095750bd27ea52341700e1dad94885b5f6R1273): 7eec16e
20. example_SAM-single-owner-PPA-5 description (FIXME in code): d822bbe
21. adjust_phased_schedule_to_new_length & _calculate_pre_revenue_costs_and_cashflow unit test(s): eb3769a
22. _calculate_nominal_discount_rate_and_wacc - FIXME in code: f9ba093
23. Metrics updates: MCY econ outputs updates #114
24. Add Calendar Year row (TODO in code): Created tracking issue: Add Calendar Year parameter for SAM-EM cash flow NREL/GEOPHIRES-X#439
25. [Lower priority] Make warnings suppressable. Supported indirectly via Print Output to Console being set to false (0b98bff, 22c60fb), could be supported more directly as a follow-up item
26. FIXME WIP in code: fc7b3d3#diff-34a61b08c97924dc1b6c7b6fbfb9a1f3fb5815b71cd3138e227d9d3c33699432L30

Change Checklist:

Observe the following checklist items if your change includes a new version (see versioning notes and version management docs).

Before merging:

1. Add a CHANGELOG entry (example). RST Template:

M.m.P: `TITLE <https://github.com/NREL/GEOPHIRES-X/pull/PR-NUMBER>`__ | `release <https://github.com/NREL/GEOPHIRES-X/releases/tag/vM.m.P>`__

1. CHANGELOG entry for Add 'Number of Fractures per Stimulated Well' parameter [v3.10.15] #113

After merging:

1. Push tag(s) to GitHub: git push origin refs/tags/vM.m.P
2. Post a change announcement to the GEOPHIRES Change Announcements Discussion (example). Markdown template:

M.m.p: [TITLE](https://github.com/NREL/GEOPHIRES-X/pull/PR-NUMBER) | [release](https://github.com/NREL/GEOPHIRES-X/releases/tag/vM.m.P)

Originally self-reviewed in https://github.com/scientific-web-services/geophires-sws/pull/2, #112, #113, #114, and #115